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No federal permit to keep

Wimple piranha

Catoprion mento

Fishes › Tetras, piranhas and pacus (Characiformes) › Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus)

The wimple piranha (Catoprion mento) is a specialized, South American species of piranha that feeds on fish scales.

Aquarium hobby
Experience: Intermediate
FamilyPiranhas and pacus
Adult lengthup to 5.9 in
WaterFreshwater
HabitatLives in freshwater

Care at a glance

Species-specific aquarium care

  • Tank: At least 36 in long and 12 in front to back for one adult (adults commonly reach about 5.9 in / 15 cm).
  • Water: Freshwater.
  • Temperature: 73–79°F (range recorded for this species).
  • Layout: An open-water swimmer: needs long, open swimming space with few obstacles.
  • Diet: A predator: feed meaty foods sized to its mouth (frozen fish, shrimp, worms); it will eat tankmates that fit in its mouth. FishBase classes it as a carnivore.
  • Safety: Can injure people (sharp spines, teeth or electric shock): use nets and care when working in the tank.

Calculated from this species' own FishBase record: tank size from its typical adult length and swimming zone, water values from its recorded ranges. The group guide below fills in general care.

Care guide

Species care notes

  • Tank: a base of at least 47 × 15 in (roughly 36 US gallons); space needed is rated “large tank”.
  • Water: soft, acidic water, 73–79 °F, pH 5.8–6.5, 1–5 dGH.
  • Behaviour: temperament predatory.
  • Difficulty: Difficult (Seriously Fish rating).

Short excerpts from the species profile:

  • Setup: “Quite shy and prefers a tank with plenty of cover.”
  • Diet: “It feeds largely on the scales of both conspecifics and other species in nature, and has specially adapted teeth in order to do so.”
  • Tankmates: “Not a species for the community tank.”

From the Seriously Fish profile for this species, which has the full habitat, maintenance, diet, behaviour and breeding write-up 167

Group care guide

Piranhas, pacus and silver dollars

Applies to most species in this group. Habitat: South American rivers. Individual species can differ, so compare with the species numbers above and the linked sources.

Housing & setup

  • Large tanks with strong filtration; pacus grow to over 2 ft and outgrow almost every home aquarium.

Sources 117119164118

Diet

  • Silver dollars: plant-based foods. Piranhas: fish, shrimp and pellets.

Sources 117119164118

Health watch

  • Piranhas are banned in many states. Never release pacus.

Sources 117119164118

Understanding the animal

No real photograph of this species is freely available yet. The only images we found were scientific illustrations or maps, so none is shown. It stays on the site because there is evidence it is kept (see “Kept in captivity?”), but it is rarely kept or rarely photographed. If you keep one and can share a photo, we would love to add it.
About this animal

About this animal

There is some debate over whether or not this species is considered a true piranha. If considered a true piranha, it would be the smallest species of piranha in the world.

Quoted from the Wikipedia article “Wimple piranha” (CC BY-SA 4.0) 174

In the wild

In the wild

From this species’ own FishBase record (habitat, bottom type, water and breeding data), not its family. Good care copies these conditions.1

Where it livesLives in freshwater, in rivers and streams. Possesses powerful dentition and can inflict serious bites. Has been observed to feed on scales of other fish.
Water it lives inFreshwater, 73–79 °F (23–26 °C), pH 5.4.
ClimateTropical climate.
Wild dietHunting macrofauna (predator).

What this means for care

  • Keep water within its wild range, 73–79 °F.
  1. FishBase species summary: Catoprion mento
Native climate (measured)

Native climate (measured)

Warm-season highsabout 92°F (up to 95°F in the hottest sampled areas)
Cool-season lowsabout 70°F (down to 61°F in the coldest sampled areas)
Average temperature78–82°F across sampled records
Relative humidity75–82% on average (driest month about 70%)
Rainfallabout 2010 mm a year

Measured at 190 wild occurrence records sampled against WorldClim 2.1 climate data (1970–2000 averages). Air conditions in the range are ecological context, not enclosure settings: microhabitats such as burrows, leaf litter or basking rocks can be cooler, warmer or more humid.

From the sources

From the sources

Quoted from the matching sections of reputable sources for this exact species. Specialist databases are used first; Wikipedia (community-edited, CC BY-SA 4.0) only fills gaps. Other sources are short credited quotes.

OverviewThe wimple piranha (Catoprion mento) is a specialized, South American species of piranha that feeds on fish scales. There is some debate over whether or not this species is considered a true piranha. If considered a true piranha, it would be the smallest species of piranha in the world. — Wikipedia (community-edited)
Where it livesHome ranges Population dynamics Growth parameters Max. ages / sizes Length-weight rel. Length-frequencies Mass conversion Recruitment Abundance Life cycle Reproduction Maturity Maturity/Gills rel. — FishBase
Appearance and sizeThe wimple piranha reaches about 15 cm (6.5 in) in standard length. The curve of its large, banana-shaped lower jaw creates a distinctive protuberance; this gave this fish the specific name mento, which means 'chin'. Its reduced, conical teeth on the upper jaw project forward when the jaws are closed. — Wikipedia (community-edited)
BiologyPossesses powerful dentition and can inflict serious bites. Has been observed to feed on scales of other fish. — FishBase
History and namingThe wimple piranha is not traditionally considered to be a true piranha; the shape of its teeth and the presence of two rows of teeth (instead of one) on the upper jaw makes it different from the other piranha genera. However, through molecular analysis, this species should be included in the true piranha group if the piranha group is to be monophyletic (see piranha for further discussion). — Wikipedia (community-edited)

Data and studies

The numbers

The numbers

Each bar is what one source reports. Where several sources weigh in, the dashed gold band marks their average.

Adult length

Average of sources5.9in
FishBase 1645.9
Seriously Fish species profiles 1675.9

Maximum recorded length. Measured as standard length (snout to the base of the tail, not counting the tail fin). Fish in home aquariums often stay smaller than wild records.

Water temperature

Average of sources73–79°F
FishBase 16473–79
Seriously Fish species profiles 16773–79

Range the species tolerates in nature; aim for the middle.

pH

Reported5.8–6.5
Seriously Fish species profiles 1675.8–6.5

Water hardness

Reported1–5dGH
Seriously Fish species profiles 1671–5

Minimum tank footprint

Reported47in
Seriously Fish species profiles 16747

Seriously Fish recommends a tank base of at least 47 × 15 in (about 36 US gallons).

Sources for this sheet

  1. FishBase (Froese & Pauly, eds.), version 24.07 Peer-reviewed researchThe global scientific database on fishes, maintained by a consortium of research institutions; every value is referenced.
  2. Seriously Fish species profiles Experienced keeper or breederLong-running aquarium reference written and peer-checked by experienced fishkeepers and ichthyologists; each profile covers habitat, tank size, water, diet, behaviour and breeding.
  3. Merck Veterinary Manual: Management of aquarium fish Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  4. Merck Veterinary Manual: Types and features of aquatic systems Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  5. Merck Veterinary Manual: Nutritional diseases of fish Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  6. Wikipedia (species article) Community referenceFree encyclopedia; useful overviews with their own citations. Intro text is quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0.