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No federal permit to keep

Lake Wanam rainbowfish

Glossolepis wanamensis

Fishes › Silversides and rainbowfish (Atheriniformes) › Melanotaeniidae (Rainbowfish)

The Lake Wanam rainbowfish (Glossolepis wanamensis) is a critically endangered species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae.

Aquarium hobby
Experience: Intermediate
Lake Wanam rainbowfish
Photo: Roan Art at English Wikipedia, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
FamilyRainbowfish
Adult lengthup to 3.9 in
WaterFreshwater

Care at a glance

Species-specific aquarium care

  • Tank: At least 24 in long and 12 in front to back for one adult (adults commonly reach about 3.5 in / 9 cm).
  • Water: Freshwater.
  • Temperature: 79–86°F (range recorded for this species).
  • Layout: Uses both the bottom and open water: give open swimming space plus cover near the substrate.

Calculated from this species' own FishBase record: tank size from its typical adult length and swimming zone, water values from its recorded ranges. The group guide below fills in general care.

Care guide

Species care notes

  • Tank: a base of at least 35 × 12 in (roughly 21 US gallons); space needed is rated “large tank”.
  • Water: a fairly wide range, from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, 77–86 °F, pH 7–8, 10–20 dGH.
  • Behaviour: temperament peaceful; a shoaling fish best kept in a group of six or more.
  • Difficulty: Moderate (Seriously Fish rating).

Short excerpts from the species profile:

  • Setup: “Like most rainbows, this species looks most at home in a planted aquarium.”
  • Diet: “Unfussy and will accept most dried, frozen and live foods.”
  • Tankmates: “Very peaceful but can disturb smaller or slow-moving fish with its rapid movements and relatively large size.”
  • Breeding: “Spawns in a similar egg scattering fashion to other Glossolepis species.”

From the Seriously Fish profile for this species, which has the full habitat, maintenance, diet, behaviour and breeding write-up 167

Group care guide

Rainbowfish

Applies to most species in this group. Habitat: Rainbowfish inhabit Australian and New Guinean freshwaters, including vegetated lake shallows and the slow streams, swamps and billabongs used by threadfins. Individual species can differ, so compare with the species numbers above and the linked sources.

Level 3 is an editorial rating accounting for delicate threadfins. No family-wide temperature is assigned: the cited Boeseman profile gives 80.6–86°F (27–30°C); threadfins are sourced at 71.6–86°F (22–30°C). Boeseman’s size, rapid swimming and harder-water care differ from threadfin needs. Do not extend these profiles to M. praecox, M. lacustris, M. splendida, M. duboulayi, M. trifasciata or Glossolepis incisa without species-specific requirements.

Housing & setup

  • For Melanotaenia boesemani, provide at least 120 × 30 × 30 cm (about 48 × 12 × 12 inches) with open swimming lanes.
  • For Iriatherina werneri, use a base at least 60 × 30 cm (24 × 12 inches), planted margins and gentle flow.
  • Use efficient filtration and maintenance; threadfins require a mature tank with stable chemistry.
  • Boeseman’s rainbowfish are sourced at pH 7.0–8.0 and 10–20 dGH; threadfins at pH 5.0–8.0 and 1–12 dGH.

Sources 932933934

Diet

  • Quality dried foods; finely crush floating foods for threadfins.
  • Live or frozen foods sized to the fish’s mouth.
  • For threadfins: Daphnia, Moina, Artemia nauplii or copepods.

Sources 932933934

Social life

  • Boeseman’s rainbowfish do best in shoals of at least 6–8. Keep threadfins in at least six, preferably ten or more, with small peaceful fish that neither nip fins nor monopolize food.

Sources 932933934

Health watch

  • Ammonia toxicity.
  • Nutritional deficiencies.

Sources 932933934

Understanding the animal

About this animal

About this animal

It is endemic to Lake Wanam near Lae in Papua New Guinea. It has virtually disappeared from the small lake (2–3 km in diameter) due to competition from introduced, non-native tilapias, but captive populations exist.

Quoted from the Wikipedia article “Lake Wanam rainbowfish” (CC BY-SA 4.0) 174

In the wild

In the wild

From this species’ own FishBase record (habitat, bottom type, water and breeding data), not its family. Good care copies these conditions.1

Where it livesLives in freshwater. Uses both the bottom and open water. Inhabits a high altitude lake (150 m). An egg layer, omnivorous and peaceful community fish which prefers the following aquarium conditions: pH=7.8, H=15, 29°C water temperature, and rocks, vegetation and driftwood cover.
Water it lives inFreshwater, 79–86 °F (26–30 °C), pH 7.8, hardness 10 dH, depth 10–10 m.
ClimateTropical climate.
Behavior to plan forBreeding: open water/substratum egg scatterers.

What this means for care

  • Keep water within its wild range, 79–86 °F.
  1. FishBase species summary: Glossolepis wanamensis
From the sources

From the sources

Quoted from the matching sections of reputable sources for this exact species. Specialist databases are used first; Wikipedia (community-edited, CC BY-SA 4.0) only fills gaps. Other sources are short credited quotes.

OverviewThe Lake Wanam rainbowfish (Glossolepis wanamensis) is a critically endangered species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae. It is endemic to Lake Wanam near Lae in Papua New Guinea. It has virtually disappeared from the small lake (2–3 km in diameter) due to competition from introduced, non-native tilapias, but captive populations exist. — Wikipedia (community-edited)
Where it livesHome ranges Population dynamics Growth parameters Max. ages / sizes Length-weight rel. Length-frequencies Mass conversion Recruitment Abundance Life cycle Reproduction Maturity Maturity/Gills rel. — FishBase
BiologyInhabits a high altitude lake (150 m). An egg layer, omnivorous and peaceful community fish which prefers the following aquarium conditions: pH=7.8, H=15, 29°C water temperature, and rocks, vegetation and driftwood cover. — FishBase

Data and studies

The numbers

The numbers

Each bar is what one source reports. Where several sources weigh in, the dashed gold band marks their average.

Adult length

Average of sources3.7in
FishBase 1643.5
Seriously Fish species profiles 1673.9

Maximum recorded length. Measured as standard length (snout to the base of the tail, not counting the tail fin). Fish in home aquariums often stay smaller than wild records.

Water temperature

Average of sources78–86°F
FishBase 16479–86
Seriously Fish species profiles 16777–86

Range the species tolerates in nature; aim for the middle.

pH

Reported7–8
Seriously Fish species profiles 1677–8

Water hardness

Reported10–20dGH
Seriously Fish species profiles 16710–20

Minimum tank footprint

Reported35in
Seriously Fish species profiles 16735

Seriously Fish recommends a tank base of at least 35 × 12 in (about 21 US gallons).

Sources for this sheet

  1. FishBase (Froese & Pauly, eds.), version 24.07 Peer-reviewed researchThe global scientific database on fishes, maintained by a consortium of research institutions; every value is referenced.
  2. Seriously Fish species profiles Experienced keeper or breederLong-running aquarium reference written and peer-checked by experienced fishkeepers and ichthyologists; each profile covers habitat, tank size, water, diet, behaviour and breeding.
  3. Seriously Fish — Melanotaenia boesemani Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  4. Seriously Fish — Iriatherina werneri Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  5. Merck Veterinary Manual — Disorders and Diseases of Fish Zoo, university or veterinaryAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  6. Wikipedia (species article) Community referenceFree encyclopedia; useful overviews with their own citations. Intro text is quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0.
  7. iNaturalist (captive observations) Community referenceCommunity observation platform run by the California Academy of Sciences and National Geographic; observations marked captive show animals living in homes, zoos and aquariums.